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目的研究补肾填精中药麒麟丸对烟雾暴露造成氧化应激所致大鼠睾丸、附睾与精子的抗氧化作用。方法随机将60只雄性成年大鼠均分6组:空白组、模型组、五子衍宗丸组、麒麟丸低剂量组、麒麟丸中剂量组、麒麟丸高剂量组。除空白组外,每天上午烟雾暴露制备大鼠睾丸生殖毒性模型,下午灌胃给药,每周测量体质量,调整给药剂量,连续56d后,处死大鼠取样检测,取血清测定睾酮(T)水平;分别称取大鼠精囊腺、附睾、睾丸的质量并计算相应器官指数;留取附睾内精液,进行计算机辅助的精液分析(CASA)及精子DNA完整率分析;酶联法测定睾丸谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平;睾丸附睾病理组织学检查。结果模型组大鼠精子总活力[前向运动(PR)%+非前向运动(NP)%]显著下降,睾丸附睾匀浆MDA水平(28.0±3.2)显著升高,而SOD(13.2±2.0)、GSH-Px(21.1±8.3)明显降低,与空白组相比均有显著差异(P<0.05);麒麟丸各剂量组大鼠精子浓度及总活力比空白组下降,但仍显著高于模型组(P<0.05),MDA显著低于模型组(P<0.05),SOD及GSH-Px显著高于模型组(P<0.05);麒麟丸中、高剂量组大鼠精子正常形态率及各剂量组DNA完整率显著高于模型组(P<0.05)。病理检查:与空白组相比,模型组呈生精功能减低改变。表现为睾丸生精小管萎缩,排列变稀疏,生精上皮变薄,生精细胞减少;附睾管腔内成熟精子变少;精囊腺管腔内分泌物减少,上皮乳头萎缩、数量减少。麒麟丸组与模型组相比,随着剂量增加,生精功能减低的例数逐渐减少,疗效与剂量间有依从关系。结论补肾填精中药麒麟丸可通过提高抗氧化酶活性,抑制氧化应激的发生,起到抗氧化作用,同时可以修复烟雾暴露对睾丸、附睾、精囊腺造成的病理损伤,最终可以保护生精功能,提高精子浓度、总活力与正常形态率,降低精子DNA碎片率。
Objective To study the anti-oxidative effects of tonifying kidney qi-lin pill on the testis, epididymis and sperm in rats exposed to smoke by oxidative stress. Methods Sixty male adult rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group, model group, Wuzi Yanzong pill group, low-dose Kirin pill group, middle-dose Kirin pill group and high-dose Kirin pill group. Except for the blank group, rats were exposed to smoke every morning to prepare reproductive toxicity model of testis, intragastric administration was given in the afternoon, the body weight was measured every week, and the dose was adjusted. After continuous 56 days, the rats were sacrificed and the testosterone (T ) Were measured. The quality of rat seminal vesicle, epididymis and testis were weighed and the corresponding organ index was calculated. The epididymal semen was collected for computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) and sperm DNA integrity analysis. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA); testicular epididymal histopathological examination. Results The total sperm motility (PR% + NP%) in model group decreased significantly (P <0.05), and the level of MDA in testis epididymis increased significantly (28.0 ± 3.2) ) And GSH-Px (21.1 ± 8.3), respectively, compared with the blank group (P <0.05). The sperm concentration and total viability of the rats in each group were significantly lower than those of the blank group Model group (P <0.05), MDA was significantly lower than the model group (P <0.05), SOD and GSH-Px was significantly higher than the model group (P <0.05) The DNA integrity of each dose group was significantly higher than that of model group (P <0.05). Pathological examination: Compared with the blank group, the model group showed decreased function of spermatogenesis. The performance of testicular seminiferous tubules shrink, arranged thinning, thinning of seminiferous epithelium, spermatogenic cells decreased; mature sperm in the epididymal lumen decreased; seminal vesicle secretion decreased, epithelial papillary atrophy, the number decreased. Compared with the model group, Kirin Pills group showed a decrease in the number of cases with reduced spermatogenic function as the dose was increased, and there was a compliance relationship between efficacy and dose. Conclusion Bushen Tianjing Kelly pill can improve antioxidase activity, inhibit the occurrence of oxidative stress, play an antioxidant role, and can repair the pathological damage caused by the smoke exposure to the testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle and ultimately protect the spermatogenesis Function, increase sperm concentration, total vitality and normal morphology rate, reduce sperm DNA fragmentation rate.