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目的探讨海南州1970-2015年鼠疫流行动态,为制定该地区预防控制对策提供依据。方法应用Excel软件分析1970-2015年青海省地方病预防控制所人间鼠疫病例数据库、鼠疫监测和鼠疫疫源地调查资料。结果 1970-2015年海南州从各种染疫动物及媒介体内分离鼠疫菌38株,以喜马拉雅旱獭为主,占47.4%(18/38),动物鼠疫流行地区为共和、贵德、贵南、同德、兴海5县,动物鼠疫的流行季节为每年的5~11月,高峰期为6~9月。累计发生人间鼠疫疫情9起,发病69例,死亡8例。结论海南州鼠疫流行猛烈,人间鼠疫疫情呈上升趋势,鼠疫疫源性相对稳固。应加强鼠疫监测和预警,落实各项综合防控措施,以减少鼠疫的发生和流行。
Objective To explore the epidemic situation of plague in Hainan Prefecture from 1970 to 2015 and provide the basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures in this area. Methods The Excel software was used to analyze the database of human plague cases, plague surveillance and plague origin in Qinghai Province from 1970 to 2015. Results From 1970 to 2015, Hainan Province isolated 38 strains of Yersinia pestis from various infected animals and vectors, accounting for 47.4% (18/38) of the Himalayan marmots. The plague prevalence areas in the state were Republican, Guade, Guinan, Tongde, Xinghai 5 counties, the epidemic season of animal plague 5 to 11 months each year, the peak of 6 to 9 months. There have been 9 plague epidemic cases in humans, with 69 cases and 8 deaths. Conclusion The epidemic situation of plague in Hainan Province is fierce. The epidemic situation of human plague is on the rise. The plague origin is relatively stable. Plague surveillance and early warning should be strengthened to implement various integrated prevention and control measures so as to reduce the occurrence and prevalence of plague.