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学界对汉晋时期道家的个案研究较多,但从整体上把握,特别是从道与自然关系的转变来研究汉晋道家的则不多。汉代《老子道德经河上公章句》明确提出了“道性自然”观点,认为自然是道的自然、道化生万物和治身治国都要遵循道的特点——自然。魏晋时期的王弼、郭象则认为,自然是万物的自然,万物的产生和发展都是遵循万物之性的结果;同样,治身治国也要以人之自然本性为准则。汉晋道家思想从道性自然到道率万物之性的转变,体现出道法自然理念在汉晋时期的发展,也是汉晋时期社会变化的缩影。
There are a lot of case studies on Taoism in the Han and Jin Dynasties. However, there is not much research on the Han and Jin Taoists from the change of the relationship between Taoism and nature as a whole. In the Han Dynasty, Laozi’s morality was clearly stated in the seal of the river, which made it clear that nature is Taoist nature. Taoist nature and governing the country should follow the characteristics of Taoism - nature. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Wang Bi and Guo Xiang believed that nature is the nature of all things, and the creation and development of all things are the result of following the nature of all things. Likewise, the rule of ruling the country should be based on the natural human nature. The change of the Taoist thought of the Han and Jin Dynasties from nature of Taoism to Taoism of all Taoism reflects the development of the natural concept of Taoism in the Han and Jin Dynasties as well as the microcosm of the social changes during the Han and Jin Dynasties.