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通过对北京市平原区600余眼监测井水位动态资料的分析,2012年北京“7·21”特大暴雨后水位有明显响应的监测井仅有34处,约占总数的6%左右,比例较低,同时范围较为集中,且基本全为较浅的潜水井。反映出本次大暴雨对本区地下水位的直接影响总体程度不深。通过对这些监测点的分布规律加以分析,它们主要集中分布在各大河的上游河道沿线区域,地层渗透性较好。并认为发生大面积的漫水,即来水量较大是使得地下水位响应明显的另一重要条件。并对单次降水对水位影响较小的原因进行了分析,认为主要是由于粘土类地层的阻隔、地表人为硬化及地层的沉积压实,尤其是差异性压实,都会影响流场的畅通性,阻碍地下水的垂向入渗及水平方向的补给,从而会导致降水对地下水位的影响程度被大大减弱。
Based on the analysis of the dynamic data of more than 600 monitoring wells in the plain area of Beijing, there are only 34 monitoring wells that respond well to the water level after Beijing “7.21 ” in 2012, accounting for about 6% of the total. The proportion is lower, at the same time the range is more concentrated, and basically all shallow shallow wells. It reflects that the direct impact of this heavy rain on the groundwater level in this area is not deep overall. By analyzing the distribution rules of these monitoring points, they are mainly concentrated in the areas along the upper reaches of major rivers and the permeability of the strata is good. And that a large area of diffuse water, that is, a large amount of water is to make the groundwater level response is another important condition. The reason why single precipitation has little effect on the water level is analyzed, which is mainly attributed to the blockage of clay stratum, man-made hardening on the surface and the compaction and deposition of strata, especially the differential compaction, which will affect the flowability of the flow field , Hinder the vertical infiltration of groundwater and horizontal supply, which will lead to the impact of precipitation on the groundwater level is greatly reduced.