文明习惯培养的要求必须是具体细致的,需要全社会共同努力。如《弟子规》中倡导的两个好习惯:一是“出必告,返必面”,即外出时必须告诉父母,回来后也要告诉父母。其二就是,“长呼人,即代叫;人不在, 己即到”,意思是,如果听见年长者呼唤人,就应立即代他去叫人;如果要找的人不在,自己就立即到年长者那里去看看有什么事。去年三月,教育部新颁发了《中小学生守则》、《小学生日常行为规范》、《中学生日常行为规范》,如何把这些具体的行为规范变为行为习惯,是养成教育极为重要的内容。在教育中积极贯彻这些行为规范是我们文明教育的重点和核心。文明习惯的培养不能成为单纯的行为训练过程, 而是认知、情感、意志和行为几个要素循环往复的过程。培养良好习惯一般需要六个步骤,即认识习惯的重要、制定行为规范、榜样教育、持之以恒的训练、及时评估引导和养成良好的集体风气。充分尊重未成年人的差异与权利,是文明习惯养成教育的重要原则之一。榜样教育是养成教育的重要方法,而每一个榜样 The requirements for the cultivation of civilized habits must be specific and meticulous and require the concerted efforts of the entire society. For example, the two good habits advocated in the “Disciplinary Rules” are: “The first thing we must say, we must return to the surface”, that is, we must tell our parents when we go out and tell our parents when we return. The second is, “The long caller is the caller; if the caller is not there, he is ready to go.” This means that if you hear the elderly calling for someone, you should immediately call him on behalf of the person; if the person you are looking for is not there, you will Go to the seniors immediately to see what’s going on. In March of last year, the Ministry of Education issued a new “Code for Primary and Secondary School Students,” “Primary School Pupils’ Daily Code of Conduct,” and “Secondary Students’ Daily Code of Conduct.” How to turn these specific behavioral norms into behavioral habits is an extremely important aspect of fostering education. Actively implementing these norms of behavior in education is the focus and core of our civilized education. The cultivation of civilized habits cannot be a purely behavioral training process, but a process in which the elements of cognition, emotion, will, and behavior cycle back and forth. The development of good habits generally requires six steps, that is, understanding the importance of habits, formulating a code of conduct, model education, persevering training, timely evaluation and guidance, and developing a good collective atmosphere. Full respect for the differences and rights of minors is one of the important principles of the habitual education of civilization. Model education is an important way to develop education, and every role model