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【目的】了解外来植物对广西湿地的入侵情况,为广西湿地保护、管理和利用提供科学依据。【方法】采用文献分析与野外调查相结合的方法,对广西区内的湿地斑块进行系统调查,调查内容包括入侵植物的种类、分布、入侵强度、入侵途径及危害程度。【结果】初步认定广西湿地外来入侵植物有16种,隶属于12科,其中以禾本科最多,有4种,占入侵种总数的25.00%。从来源看,原产美洲的湿地入侵植物最多,达11种,占68.75%。广西湿地外来入侵植物的入侵方式主要通过有意引入,占75.00%。入侵植物生活型除1种为灌木植物外,其余均为草本植物。对广西湿地危害较大的入侵种是空心莲子草、凤眼莲、大薸、钻形紫菀、大米草。【结论】对外来入侵植物应采取物理、化学、生物防治相结合的综合措施,以提高防控效果。
【Objective】 To understand the invasion of exotic plants to wetlands in Guangxi and provide a scientific basis for the conservation, management and utilization of wetlands in Guangxi. 【Method】 The systematic investigation of wetland patches in Guangxi was conducted by means of a combination of literature analysis and field investigation. The investigation included the species, distribution, intensity of invasion, the route of invasion and the degree of damage. 【Result】 The results showed that there were 16 invasive alien plants in wetlands in Guangxi, belonging to 12 families, of which the most was Poaceae, with 4 species accounting for 25.00% of the total invaded species. From the source, the invasive plants in native America are most wetlands, up to 11 species, accounting for 68.75%. Invasion of invasive alien plants in wetlands of Guangxi mainly through intentional introduction, accounting for 75.00%. Invasive plant life in addition to a species of shrubs, the rest are herbs. Invasive species that are more damaging to wetlands in Guangxi are Alternanthera philoxeroides, Eichhornia crassipes, Diantan, Aster, Asiatic grass. 【Conclusion】 The integrated measures of combining physical, chemical and biological control should be taken for alien invasive plants to improve the control effect.