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近年来,海上溢油事件频发,合理的海上溢油事件应急管理绩效考核与奖惩机制有利于海上溢油事件的防范和应对。本文对海上溢油事件应急管理绩效考核与奖惩机制进行研究。首先,分析了海上溢油事件防范与应对的责任主体。然后,探讨了海上溢油事件防范责任主体的绩效考核和奖惩机制。海上溢油事件防范责任主体可以分为设施建设责任主体和管理操作责任主体,设施建设责任主体的绩效考核和奖惩,根据设施建设达标情况以及溢油事件造成的损失情况,分成四种类型;管理操作责任主体的绩效考核和奖惩,根据溢油事件严重程度和人为过错程度,也可以分为四种类型。接着,探讨了海上溢油事件应急管理责任主体的绩效考核和奖惩机制,采取过程评价与结果评价相结合的方式,分成四种类型。最后,探讨了海上溢油事件防范与应急管理责任归属于同一部门的绩效考核与奖惩机制。
In recent years, frequent sea oil spills and reasonable performance management and rewards and punishments for emergency management of offshore oil spill events are conducive to preventing and coping with oil spills at sea. This paper studies the performance appraisal and rewards and punishments of emergency management of offshore oil spill incidents. First of all, the main body responsible for the prevention and response of the oil spill incident at sea is analyzed. Then, the paper discusses the performance appraisal and rewards and punishments of the main responsibility of prevention of oil spill at sea. The main body responsible for the prevention of oil spill accidents at sea can be divided into four categories: performance assessment and rewards and punishments for the main body of responsibility for construction and management of the main responsibility for the operation, the main responsibility for the construction of the facility, according to the compliance of the facility construction and the losses caused by the oil spill incident; The performance appraisal and rewards and punishments of the main body of operation responsibility can also be divided into four types according to the severity of the oil spill incident and the degree of human error. Then, the paper explores the performance appraisal and rewards and punishments mechanism of the emergency management responsibilities of offshore oil spill incidents, and adopts the combination of process evaluation and result evaluation into four types. Finally, the mechanism of performance appraisal and rewards and punishments that belong to the same department is discussed.