本文对纽约二个隧道,七座桥梁的桥、隧工受汽车废气影响的情况进行了研究,评价了两种类型的健康影响:高浓度汽车污染的急性反应和在心、肺功能方面的慢性变化。评价急性反应是通过现场测定肺功能、碳氧血红蛋白、变性血红蛋白及红细胞2,2—二磷酸甘油酸盐浓度;评价慢性变化是通过完整的体格检查和实验室分析,其中包括血清铅,详细的肺功能评价,胸部 X 线照片及运动心电图,上述检查是在一日工作之后在远离桥、隧的实验室内进行。研究结果: In this paper, two tunnels in New York City, bridges and tunnels of seven bridges under the influence of automobile exhaust were studied, and two types of health effects were evaluated: acute response to high concentration vehicle pollution and chronic changes in heart and lung function . The acute response was assessed by on-site determination of lung function, carboxyhemoglobin, denatured hemoglobin, and erythrocyte 2,2-diphosphate glycerate concentrations; chronic changes were assessed by complete physical exams and laboratory analyzes that included serum lead, detailed Pulmonary function evaluation, chest X-ray and exercise ECG, the inspection is in the day after work in the far away from the bridge, tunnel laboratory. Research result: