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对成年高原鼠兔进行了解剖学观测，发现其骨骼数（尤其肋、籽骨数）较兔多。盲肠十分发达（螺旋瓣数多达４５～５３个）。心、肝、脾、肺、肾等多数脏器的绝对重量为雌性略低于雄性，但无统计学意义。而雌性的脏器系数则显著高于雄性（Ｐ＜００１）。胸腺的绝对重量为雌性高于雄性（Ｐ＜００５），且随体重增加而减小。从解剖学上看，高原鼠兔的身体各部形态结构与其习性、活动及健康状况密切相关。
Anatomical observation of adult plateau pika rats found that the number of bones (especially ribs, the number of sesams) more than rabbits. Cecum is very developed (as many as 45 to 53 spiral valves). The absolute weight of heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and other organs was slightly lower than that of males, but not statistically significant. The female’s organ coefficient was significantly higher than the male (P <0 01). The absolute weight of thymus was higher in females than in males (P <005), and decreased with weight gain. From anatomical point of view, plateau pika body shape and structure of each part of its habits, activities and health status are closely related.