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目的通过对27例苯的氨基和硝基化合物中毒者的病例分析,探讨苯的氨基和硝基化合物中毒的临床特征及治疗要点。方法通过检索病史资料,对27例苯的氨基和硝基化合物中毒者进行回顾分析汇总。结果患者中毒后,常常出现头晕、头痛、乏力、胸闷、发绀、心悸、气短等缺氧症状,实验室检测高铁血红蛋白增高,严重者可出现意识障碍及肝肾损害。经吸氧、小剂量亚甲蓝解毒及糖皮质激素等辅助对症及支持治疗,预后良好。结论苯的氨基和硝基化合物主要毒作用是引起高铁血红蛋白血症及溶血,致病环节是缺氧,救治要点为纠正缺氧,亚甲蓝是救治的关键药物。
Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment points of benzene poisoning by amino and nitro compounds in 27 cases of benzene poisoning by amino and nitro compounds. Methods A retrospective analysis of 27 cases of benzene-induced amino and nitro compound poisoning was conducted by searching medical records. Results After poisoning, hypoxemia often appeared in dizziness, headache, fatigue, chest tightness, cyanosis, heart palpitations and shortness of breath. Laboratory tests showed that methemoglobin increased and in severe cases, disturbance of consciousness and liver and kidney could occur. The oxygen, a small dose of methylene blue detoxification and glucocorticoid and other symptomatic and supportive treatment, the prognosis is good. Conclusion The main toxic effects of benzene and nitro compounds are methemoglobinemia and hemolysis. The pathogenic process is hypoxia. The key point of treatment is to correct hypoxia, and methylene blue is the key drug for treatment.