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于2010年分三个航次对厦门湾海域海水水质状况进行调查,综合运用聚类分析、主成分分析等多元统计分析方法,对厦门湾海域水体污染的空间变异特征和污染来源进行分析,并提出了相应的污染控制措施。结果如下:(1)聚类分析将站位分为两类;第一类主要分布于九龙江口海域、东部海域和大嶝海域,第二类分布于西海域、同安湾海域;第二类水体的氮磷浓度高于第一类,悬浮物含量则要低于第一类水体;(2)主成分分析分别可以解释87.34%(第一类)和90.14%(第二类)的方差。第一类和第二类分别可提取3个和2个主成分,第一类的三个主成分分别解释了44.77%、21.62%和20.95%的总方差,第二类的两个主成分分别解释了74.32%和15.82%的总方差;(3)第一类水体的第一主成分主要来源于河流输入和农业面源污染,第二主成分主来来自流域畜禽养殖带来的污染;第三主成分源于生活污水中的有机污染物。第二类水体的第一主成分主要来源于陆源排污口和农业面源污染。(4)厦门湾海域水污染控制的重点是陆源污染的控制,要加强陆源排污口的排污管理,同时进行九龙江和同安东、西溪等流域综合整治;另外要减少人类活动对河流和海域的生态系统的干扰。
In 2010, the seawater quality of Xiamen Bay waters was surveyed in three voyages and the spatial variability and pollution sources of water pollution in Xiamen Bay were analyzed by using the method of cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The corresponding pollution control measures. The results are as follows: (1) Cluster analysis divided the stations into two types. The first type was mainly distributed in the waters of Jiulongjiang Estuary, the eastern seas and the Daban Sea. The second category was distributed in the West Sea and Tong’an Bay waters. The concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus was higher than that of the first class, and the content of suspended matter was lower than that of the first class of water. (2) The principal component analysis could explain the variance of 87.34% (first class) and 90.14% (second class) respectively. The first and second categories can extract three and two principal components respectively. The first three principal components explain the total variance of 44.77%, 21.62% and 20.95% respectively. The second principal component of the second category respectively Explaining the total variance of 74.32% and 15.82%; (3) The first principal component of the first type of water body mainly comes from the input of rivers and agricultural non-point source pollution, the second principal component mainly comes from the pollution brought by the livestock breeding in the river basin; The third principal component originates from organic contaminants in domestic sewage. The first main component of the second type of water comes mainly from land-sourced sewage outfalls and agricultural non-point source pollution. (4) The key point of water pollution control in Xiamen Bay area is the control of terrestrial pollution. It is necessary to strengthen the sewage discharge management of land-sourced pollutant discharge outlets and carry out comprehensive improvement of the watersheds such as Jiulongjiang and Tong’an, Xixi. In addition, human activities should be reduced for rivers and sea areas The ecosystem interference.