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美国19世纪短篇小说家安布罗斯·比尔斯以其尖刻、犀利的讽刺闻名于世。他把反讽作为一种思维方式,融进其战争小说的内在结构之中。从小说结构、人物塑造到主题揭示,比尔斯运用戏剧反讽、苏格拉底式反讽、罗马式反讽、以及宇宙反讽等多种反讽技巧展开叙事,从而赋予其作品双重意蕴:表面上,比尔斯毫无保留地揭露战争的罪恶、讥讽人类文明的缺陷、嘲笑人性的弱点;实质上,作家对人类生存状况以及人类命运给予了深切的关注和同情。
Ambrose Beers, a 19th-century American short story novel, is known for his sharp, sharp satire. He uses irony as a way of thinking and into the inner structure of his war novels. From the structure of the novel to the characterization to the revealing of the subject, Beers uses multiple irony techniques such as dramatic irony, Socratic irony, Roman irony, and cosmic irony to expand his narrative to give dual connotation to his work: on the surface, Unremittingly exposing the evils of war, ridiculing the defects of human civilization and ridiculing the weaknesses of human nature, the authors, in essence, paid great attention and sympathy to the living conditions of mankind and the fate of mankind.