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本工作主要研究室温下聚碳酸酯薄膜在空气、氮气及真空等条件下受Co~(60)γ射线照射后,其单向拉伸温度-形变曲线、抗张强度、极限伸长率、纵向耐折、特性粘度、体积电阻、击穿电压和紅外光谱等物理和化学性能的变化。实驗証明,聚碳酸酯和其他含芳香基类高聚物相似,在化学和物理性能方面都具有較高的抗輻射能力。在剂量为10~6到7×10~6伦时,聚碳酸酯薄膜的热稳定性有一定的提高;但随剂量的进一步增加,它又开始变坏。到剂量为10~8伦时,明显地表示出聚碳酯分子产生了以裂解反应占优势的輻射效应。特性粘度和热稳定性能的測定結果互相吻合。照射过的薄膜全部溶于苯和氯仿。同时,随剂量的增加,溶解也快一些。在整个照射剂量范围內,都沒有凝胶产生。因此,可认为是沒有交联反应。剂量低于5×10~7伦时,体积电阻和击穿电压皆不发生較大的变化。紅外光譜測定結果表明,剂量大于10~8伦时,羥基含量随照射剂量的增加而增加。受照射的薄膜,除剂量高于7×10~7伦时有顏色的改变以外,氧化对它的作用很小。在氮气、空气中照射时,在剂量分別达5×10~8,3×10~8伦后,試样均脆裂,强度全部丧失。
In this work, the uniaxial tensile temperature-deformation curves, tensile strength, ultimate elongation, longitudinal direction and tensile properties of polycarbonate films irradiated by Co ~ (60) γ-ray at room temperature under the conditions of air, Flexibility, intrinsic viscosity, volume resistivity, breakdown voltage and infrared spectroscopy and other physical and chemical properties changes. Experiments show that polycarbonate is similar to other aromatic-based polymers and has high radiation and radiation resistance both in chemical and physical properties. The thermal stability of the polycarbonate film increased to a certain extent at doses of 10-6 to 7 × 10-6months, but it started to deteriorate with further dose increase. By the time the dose is 10 to 8 hrs, it is clear that the polycarbonates give rise to a radiative effect that is dominated by the cleavage reaction. Intrinsic viscosity and thermal stability of the measured results match each other. The irradiated film is completely soluble in benzene and chloroform. At the same time, with the increase in dose, dissolved faster. No gel was produced over the entire dose range. Therefore, it can be considered that there is no cross-linking reaction. When the dose is less than 5 × 10 ~ 7 Lun, the volume resistance and breakdown voltage are not undergoing major changes. Infrared spectroscopy results show that, when the dose is greater than 10 ~ 8 lun, the hydroxyl content increases with the increase of irradiation dose. Irradiated films, except at doses higher than 7 × 10-7 ° C, have a color change outside, the effect of oxidation on it is small. In nitrogen, air irradiation, the doses were up to 5 × 10 ~ 8, 3 × 10 ~ 8 Lun, the samples were brittle, all the loss of strength.