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城市公用事业是典型的垄断性产业,通过城市公用事业地域与网络垄断性、外部性、公益与营利双重性分析,论证了政府价格规制之必要。其次分析了以新古典经济学和凯恩斯经济学作为逻辑理论基础的西方国家城市公用事业价格规制,及其逐步形成的公共利益理论、俘获理论、寻租理论以及放松规制乃至取消规制的演化过程。最后深入剖析我国城市公用事业存在的规制单一、价格倒逼、补偿缺位,监管虚设等问题,继而提出了强化市场定价、设计经济杠杆、完善社会监督、加强政府监管、构建价格体系等政策建议,以期实现政府规制与市场化融合,提升规制的公平、公正与效能。
Urban public utility is a typical monopoly industry. Through the duality of urban public utility area and network monopoly, externalities, public welfare and profit-making, the necessity of government price regulation is demonstrated. Secondly, it analyzes the price regulation of urban public utilities in western countries based on the neoclassical economics and Keynes economics as well as the evolving process of the public interest theory, capture theory, rent-seeking theory, deregulation and deregulation. In the end, the paper analyzes the problems such as the single regulation, the forced price, the absence of compensation and the falsification of supervision in the urban public utilities in our country, and then puts forward some policy recommendations such as strengthening market pricing, designing economic leverage, improving social supervision, strengthening government regulation and establishing price system , With a view to achieving the integration of government regulation and marketization and enhancing the fairness, fairness and effectiveness of the regulation.