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作为处于欧洲边缘的海岛型国家,英国第一个迈入工业社会并在制度与文化方面引领世界数百年,海洋在其发展历程中扮演了不可忽视的角色。对海洋贸易的追逐推动了一套适合商贸原则的国家机器的构建;对外扩张的欲望促使其采取一切可能的手段追逐海洋霸权和海上扩张;现代金融机制的建立成为确保商贸利润和战争胜利的最有力的保障;而海洋意识也对帝国留在殖民地的遗产产生了影响。总之,英国人所具有的海洋意识和坚定的海洋战略,乃至由此产生的主导英国国策的务实主义精神,对英国式的发展无疑具有某种决定性的作用。
As an island nation on the verge of Europe, the United Kingdom first entered the industrial society and led the world in terms of institution and culture for centuries. The oceans played a significant role in its development. The pursuit of maritime trade has promoted the construction of a set of national machines suitable for the principles of commerce; the desire for foreign expansion has prompted it to pursue maritime hegemony and maritime expansion by all possible means; and the establishment of modern financial mechanisms has become the most important thing for ensuring the profits of trade and the victory of war Strong protection; and maritime awareness has also had an impact on the empire’s legacy in the colony. In a word, Britain’s pragmatic spirit of dominating the maritime awareness and the firm maritime strategy and even the resulting dominance of the British national policy undoubtedly play a decisive role in the development of the British style.