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同型半胱氨酸又称为高半胱氨酸(Homocysteine,Hcy),是一种含硫氨基酸,主要来源于食物,体内不能合成。Hcy是甲硫氨酸代谢过程中的重要中间产物,本身并不参加蛋白质的合成[1-2]。在体内约一半的Hcy和甲基四氢叶酸在蛋氨酸合成酶(Methionine synthase reductase,MS)的作用下,生成蛋氨酸和四氢叶酸,四氢叶酸在N5,N10-亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(Methylenetetralydrofolate,MTHFR)的作用下生成甲基四氢叶酸;另一半Hcy通过转硫基途径,即Hcy与丝氨酸在胱硫醚β合成酶(Cystathionineβ-
Homocysteine, also known as homocysteine (Hcy), is a sulfur-containing amino acid, mainly from food, the body can not be synthesized. Hcy methionine metabolism is an important intermediate, itself does not participate in protein synthesis [1-2]. About half of Hcy and methyltetrahydrofolate in vivo produce methionine and tetrahydrofolate under the action of methionine synthase reductase (MS), and tetrahydrofolate is produced by N5, N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (Methylenetetralydrofolate, MTHFR) role in the generation of methyl tetrahydrofolate; the other half Hcy through the thio-mediated pathway, that Hcy and serine in the cystathionine β-synthase (Cystathionineβ-