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目的了解通辽市蒙古族学生视力低下的分布特点及规律,为青少年学生近视的防治工作提供依据。方法对3715名6～18岁城乡蒙古族学生采用标准对数视力表测量学生裸眼视力。结果视力低下率城市学生(32.7%)高于农村学生(25.3%),女生(34.7%)高于男生(23.0%)。从12岁开始视力不良率逐渐上升,至18岁视力低下率达到最高。轻、中、重度视力低下率随年龄变化规律依次为:小学段以轻度为主,初中段以中度为主,高中段以重度为主。结论中小学生视力低下率较高,防治近视需要社会、学校、家长、学生共同重视和配合。
Objective To understand the distribution and regularity of poor eyesight of Mongolian students in Tongliao City and provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of myopia among young students. Methods A total of 3715 Mongolian students from 6 to 18 years old in urban and rural areas were surveyed by using the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart. Results The rate of poor eyesight was higher in urban students (32.7%) than in rural students (25.3%) and girls (34.7%) higher than boys (23.0%). From the age of 12, the rate of poor vision gradually increased to 18 years old, the highest rate of vision loss. Light, moderate and severe visual acuity decreased with the age of the order of change as follows: primary school with mild, middle school mainly in the middle, high school mainly to the degree of severity. Conclusions Primary and secondary school students have a high rate of vision loss, prevention and treatment of myopia require the community, schools, parents and students to attach importance to and cooperate with each other.