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目的:探讨我国9地区3~12岁儿童外出就餐和食用西式快餐的相关因素及食用频次与儿童BMI的关系,为制定儿童体重控制措施提供依据。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样的方法从北京、苏州、广州、郑州、成都、兰州、沈阳7个城市和邢台平原、邢台山区两个农村共9个调查点抽取3~12岁的儿童1 792名进行膳食与健康问卷调查,并用Logistic回归分析儿童外出就餐和食用快餐的相关因素,使用多元线性回归分析儿童外出就餐和BMI之间的关系。结果:3~12岁儿童每周外出就餐0、1次和>1次的比例分别为33.1%、38.6%和28.3%,每周食用快餐0、1次和>1次的比例分别为62.4%、31.0%和6.5%;农村地区低于二线城市和一线城市,学龄前儿童和学龄儿童之间和性别之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归显示,3~12岁儿童每周外出就餐频率与母亲教育程度、家庭人均月收入、挑食和每周碳酸饮料摄入频率正相关;每周食用快餐频率仅与挑食和每周碳酸饮料摄入频率正相关。在控制了地区、母亲教育程度、家庭人均月收入、挑食和每周碳酸饮料摄入频率后,每周外出就餐频率仍然与儿童BMI正相关。结论:儿童外出就餐和食用快餐与经济水平、母亲文化程度、饮食习惯和儿童BMI等密切相关。
Objective: To explore the relationship between eating frequency and eating frequency of children aged 3 ~ 12 in 9 regions in China and their relationship with children ’s BMI, so as to provide the basis for formulating children’ s weight control measures. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select children aged 3 to 12 from 9 survey sites in Beijing, Suzhou, Guangzhou, Zhengzhou, Chengdu, Lanzhou, Shenyang and two counties in Xingtai Plain and Xingtai Mountains 792 were surveyed by dietary and health questionnaires, Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze children’s eating out and food-related factors, and multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between children’s eating out and BMI. Results: The children aged 3 ~ 12 years old went out to eat 0.1 times a week and the rate of> 1 times was 33.1%, 38.6% and 28.3% respectively. The proportion of fasting 0,1 times a week and> 1 times a week were 62.4% , 31.0% and 6.5% respectively. There was no significant difference between sexes in preschool children and school-age children in rural areas and between the second-tier cities and the first-tier cities (P> 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that weekly frequency of out-going meals among 3-12-year-olds was positively correlated with maternal education, average monthly household income, picky eaters and weekly intake of carbonated drinks. The frequency of fasting meals per week was only associated with picky eaters and weekly carbonic acid The frequency of drink intake is positively correlated. After controlling for frequency of maternal education, average monthly household income, picky eaters and weekly carbonated drinks intake, the frequency of weekly outbound meals is still positively correlated with children’s BMI. Conclusion: Children eating out and eating fast food are closely related to the economic level, mother’s education level, eating habits and children’s BMI.