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利用基于时域有限差分法(FDTD)的电磁仿真软件XFDTD,研究了核电磁脉冲与开孔腔体的耦合规律。分析了不同极化方向的核电磁脉冲入射时,矩形孔洞长宽比对耦合特性的影响;讨论了核电磁脉冲照射下,腔体谐振和孔缝与腔体的耦合谐振现象;给出了腔体内部电场分布的截面图,讨论了核电磁脉冲入射时腔体内外电场的空间分布情况。研究结果表明:当核电磁脉冲的极化方向与开孔矩形短边平行时,耦合的电场强度比正方形开孔时的要大,且长宽比越大,耦合的电场强度越大;当核电磁脉冲的极化方向与开孔矩形长边平行时,耦合的电场强度比正方形开孔时的小,且长宽比越大,耦合的电场强度越小。极化方向与矩形开孔短边平行时,腔体内产生了腔体谐振和孔缝与腔体的耦合谐振,开孔尺寸的变化会引起谐振频率的偏移;极化方向平行于长边时无明显电磁谐振发生。核电磁脉冲对屏蔽体内的影响主要局限于开孔附近。
Using the electromagnetic simulation software XFDTD based on finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, the coupling rule of nuclear electromagnetic pulse and cavity is studied. The influence of the aspect ratio of rectangular holes on the coupling characteristics is analyzed when the nuclear electromagnetic pulse with different polarization direction is incident on. The cavity resonance and the coupled resonance of cavity and cavity are discussed under the irradiation of nuclear electromagnetic pulse. Sectional view of the electric field distribution inside the body, the spatial distribution of the electric field inside and outside the cavity when the nuclear magnetic pulse is incident is discussed. The results show that when the polarization direction of the nuclear electromagnetic pulse is parallel to the short side of the rectangular aperture, the intensity of the coupled electric field is larger than that of the square hole, and the greater the aspect ratio, the greater the electric field strength of the coupling. When the polarization direction of the electromagnetic pulse is parallel to the long side of the rectangular aperture, the intensity of the coupled electric field is smaller than that of the square hole, and the larger the aspect ratio, the smaller the electric field strength of the coupling. When the direction of polarization is parallel to the short side of the rectangular aperture, the cavity resonance and the coupling resonance of the aperture and the cavity are generated, and the change of the aperture size will cause the shift of the resonance frequency. When the polarization direction is parallel to the long side No obvious electromagnetic resonance occurs. The influence of nuclear electromagnetic pulse on the shield body is mainly confined to the opening near.