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多项研究证明,在动脉粥样硬化形成中涉及天然和获得性免疫应答,包括促进和拮抗动脉粥样硬化形成的免疫应答。在动脉粥样硬化实验和人体模型中,已确认了诱导免疫应答的共同自身抗原,如氧化型低密度脂蛋白、β2糖蛋白1和热休克蛋白60。已证明氧化型低密度脂蛋白相关抗原能诱导动脉粥样硬化获得性免疫应答。通过热休克蛋白65/60和β2糖蛋白1激活黏膜免疫来诱导免疫耐受也能预防动脉粥样硬化。最近已鉴定出低密度脂蛋白载脂蛋白B-100上的特异性免疫活性表位,早期实验证明,特异性载脂蛋白B-100相关抗原主动免疫是预防动脉粥样硬化的新型免疫调节策略。
Several studies have demonstrated that natural and adaptive immune responses are involved in atherosclerosis formation, including promotion and antagonism of the immune response to atherosclerosis formation. In atherosclerotic experiments and human models, common autoantigens that induce an immune response have been identified, such as oxidized low-density lipoprotein, beta 2 glycoprotein 1, and heat shock protein 60. Oxidized low density lipoprotein associated antigens have been shown to induce an atherogenic immune response. Atherosclerosis can also be prevented by inducing immune tolerance by activating mucosal immunity with heat shock protein 65/60 and β2 glycoprotein 1. Recently, a specific immunoreactive epitope on low density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B-100 has been identified. Early experiments showed that active immunization with specific apolipoprotein B-100 antigen was a novel immunomodulatory strategy to prevent atherosclerosis .