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【目的】研究不同增氧模式对水稻光合特性和物质生产的影响,并探讨适宜不同生态型水稻品种生长以及提高其产量的增氧模式,进一步明确稻田根部增氧对水稻生长的作用,为水稻好氧栽培提供参考和理论依据。【方法】以中浙优1号(水稻)、IR45765-3B(深水稻)和中旱221(旱稻)3种不同生态型水稻品种为材料,设置增施过氧化钙(T_1)、微纳气泡水灌溉(T_2)和表土湿润灌溉(T_3)等不同增氧模式以及淹水对照(CK),分别测定水稻叶片光合特性、干物质积累量和产量等指标。【结果】增施过氧化钙和微纳气泡水灌溉处理增加了3个水稻品种主要生育期的叶片SPAD值、叶面积指数、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和干物质量,水稻有效穗数和结实率显著高于对照;表土湿润灌溉处理下,3个品种的叶片SPAD值、叶面积指数、光合参数和干物质量下降,结实率显著低于对照,但提高了叶片水分利用率。完熟期,增施过氧化钙处理下,中浙优1号、IR45765-3B和中旱221稻谷产量分别较对照增加了22.38%、18.27%和18.17%;微纳气泡水灌溉处理下,3个品种稻谷产量分别较对照增加了13.89%、10.67%和8.85%;表土湿润灌溉处理下,产量分别比对照减少5.86%、8.19%和6.16%。【结论】增施过氧化钙和微纳气泡水灌溉有助于提高水稻叶片叶绿素含量、叶面积指数和光合作用能力,并显著增加水稻干物质积累和产量;而表土湿润灌溉处理下,水稻水分供应不足,叶片光合作用及产量均有所下降。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different aerobic modes on photosynthetic characteristics and material production of rice and to explore suitable models of growth and growth of different ecotype rice cultivars to further clarify the effect of root aeration on rice growth. Aerobic cultivation provides a reference and theoretical basis. 【Method】 Three different ecotype rice cultivars, Zhongzheyou 1 (rice), IR45765-3B (deep rice) and Zhonghan 221 (upland rice), were used as experimental materials to study the effects of calcium peroxide (T_1) Waterlogging (T_2), Surface Moisture (T_3) and so on under different aeration modes and flooding control (CK) were used to measure the photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and yield of rice. 【Result】 The results showed that SPAD value, leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and dry matter content of leaves of three rice cultivars increased in the main growth stages of rice with irrigation supplemented with calcium oxide and micro-nano bubble water, And the seed setting rate of the three cultivars were significantly higher than that of the control. The SPAD value, leaf area index, photosynthetic parameters and dry matter content of three cultivars were significantly decreased under wetting irrigation. The seed setting rate was significantly lower than that of the control, but the leaf water use efficiency was increased. At the maturity stage, the yield of Zhongzheyou 1, IR45765-3B and Zhonghan221 increased by 22.38%, 18.27% and 18.17% respectively compared with the control under the treatments of calcium peroxide supplementation. Under the micro-nano bubble water treatment, 3 The yield of paddy rice increased by 13.89%, 10.67% and 8.85% respectively compared with the control. The topsoil yield decreased by 5.86%, 8.19% and 6.16% respectively when compared with the control. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the addition of calcium oxide and micro-nano bubble water could improve the leaf chlorophyll content, leaf area index and photosynthesis ability of rice, and significantly increase the dry matter accumulation and yield of rice. Under the condition of wetland irrigation, Inadequate supply, leaf photosynthesis and yield declined.