用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱仪对水压机柱塞表面孔坑、沟槽进行了分析。结果表明 ,由于夹杂物 (尤其是表层夹杂物 )与块状铁素体的存在以及淬硬层分布不均匀 ,使柱塞在使用过程中出现点蚀 ,并在高压水冲击下形成沟槽 ,导致柱塞密封失效 Optical pits, grooves and grooves were analyzed by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer. The results show that due to the inclusions (especially the surface inclusions) and the presence of massive ferrite and uneven distribution of the hardened layer, the plunger appears pitting during use and forms grooves under the impact of high pressure water, Lead to failure of the plunger seal