回顾性分析过去13年经结肠镜检查并结合临床、活检符合溃疡性结肠炎(UC)诊断的112例结肠炎病例,占结肠镜检总数的3.01％。症状以腹泻(95.5％％)和腹痛(60.7％)为主,中毒性巨结肠和肠外表现少见。肠镜下糜烂和溃疡最多见(96.4％),其次是充血水肿、其它有质脆易出血、血管网模糊、粗糙颗粒感和假息肉。与病变范围广泛者相比,病变限制在直肠及乙状结肠的UC的病情轻、合并症和非典型增生少见。 A total of 112 colitis cases diagnosed by colonoscopy combined with clinical and biopsy findings of ulcerative colitis (UC) in the past 13 years were retrospectively analyzed, accounting for 3.01% of the total colonoscopy. Symptoms of diarrhea (95.5 %%) and abdominal pain (60.7%) dominated, toxic megacolon and parenteral manifestations rare. Enteroscopy erosion and ulcer the most common (96.4%), followed by congestion and edema, the other crisp and easy bleeding, vascular network fuzzy, rough grainy and false polyps. Compared with a wide range of lesions, pathological changes in the rectum and sigmoid colon UC mild disease, complications and atypical hyperplasia rare.