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为提高建设工程塔式起重机作业可靠性,防止人因失误酿成事故,综合运用模糊数学和认知可靠性与失误分析方法(CREAM),构建塔机作业人因可靠性分析模型。首先,剖析塔机作业环境特点,修正共同绩效条件(CPC),厘定各项CPC评估指标;其次,分析人因失误事故数据资料,构建高斯隶属度函数,模糊处理CPC评估指标;然后,融合CPC评估指标熵权,模糊计算塔机作业人员4类控制模式隶属度;最后,运用重心法进行控制模式隶属度去模糊化处理,实现塔机作业人因可靠性概率的量化评估。对湖北省某建筑企业施工现场塔机作业进行模糊认知可靠性与失误分析,验证模型有效性。结果表明:该建筑企业施工现场塔机作业人员控制模式为战略型,人因可靠性概率为99.83%。
In order to improve the operational reliability of tower crane and prevent human error from causing accident, synthetical use of fuzzy mathematics and cognitive reliability and error analysis method (CREAM), build human factors reliability analysis model of tower crane. Firstly, it analyzes the characteristics of operating environment of tower crane, amends the common performance conditions (CPC), and determines the indicators of CPC assessment. Secondly, it analyzes the data of human error accidents, constructs the Gaussian membership function and obfuscates the CPC assessment indicators. Then, Evaluate entropy of indicators, fuzzy membership operator of four types of tower crane control mode; Finally, the use of gravity center to control the membership of the model to the fuzzy treatment to achieve the reliability of tower crane operators for the quantitative assessment of the probability. This paper analyzes the fuzzy cognition reliability and error analysis of tower crane work on the construction site of a construction enterprise in Hubei Province to verify the validity of the model. The results show that the control mode of tower crane operator at the construction site is a strategic type, and the probability of human reliability is 99.83%.