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目的了解新生儿接种重组乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)(酵母)后低无应答率,并分析其影响因素。方法对北京市、浙江省宁波市和广东省2004～2005年出生的2 788名新生儿,按,0、1、6月龄免疫程序接种5μg×3重组HepB(酵母),采用放射免疫法检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc),同时对儿童家长进行问卷调查,收集分娩时相关信息和预防接种情况。结果新生儿接种5μg×3重组HepB(酵母)后,血清抗-HBs滴度最小值为0.18毫国际单位/毫升(mIU/ml),最大值为19 736.00mIU/ml,几何平均浓度为264.33mIU/ml。新生儿接种重组HepB(酵母)后低无应答率为16.89%,其中无应答率为1.72%,低应答率为15.17%。男性低无应答率(17.69%)高于女性(15.95%),早产儿(17.92%)高于足月儿(16.83%),低出生体重儿(19.85%)高于正常体重儿(16.34%),不同性别、出生体重和是否足月对接种重组HepB(酵母)低无应答率的影响均无显著的统计学意义(χ2=1.50,P=0.22;χ2=4.28,P=0.37;χ2=0.09,P=0.77)。结论新生儿接种重组HepB(酵母)后低无应答率为16.89%。未发现新生儿性别、出生体重和是否足月对接种重组HepB(酵母)低无应答率的影响。
Objective To understand the low non-response rate of newborns vaccinated with recombinant Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) (yeast) and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 2 788 newborns born in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, Guangdong Province and Guangdong Province from 2004 to 2005 were vaccinated with 5 μg × 3 recombinant HepB (yeast) according to the immunization schedule of 0, 1, 6 months old. The radioimmunoassay Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBs) and hepatitis B virus core antibody (anti-HBc). Meanwhile, questionnaire was conducted on children’s parents to collect information on childbirth and vaccination. Results The minimum serum anti-HBs titer after inoculation of 5μg × 3 recombinant HepB (yeast) was 0.18 mIU / ml, the maximum was 19 736.00 mIU / ml and the geometric mean concentration was 264.33 mIU / ml. The low non-response rate of newborns vaccinated with recombinant HepB (yeast) was 16.89%, with no response rate of 1.72% and low response rate of 15.17%. The rate of low non-responders (17.69%) was higher than that of female (15.95%), preterm infants (17.92%) were higher than full-term infants (16.83%), low birth weight infants (19.85% (Χ2 = 1.50, P = 0.22; χ2 = 4.28, P = 0.37; χ2 = 0.09, respectively) did not affect the low response rate of HepB (yeast) vaccinated with different sex, birth weight and full- , P = 0.77). Conclusion The low non-response rate of newborns vaccinated with recombinant HepB (yeast) was 16.89%. The effect of neonatal gender, birth weight and full term on the low non-response rate of vaccinated HepB (yeast) was not found.