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[目的]比较青海牦牛、犏牛、黄牛的体尺数据，提出牦牛改良选育的建议。[方法]本研究在青海省海西州共测定了326头牛的体尺数据，按照品种和年龄分类，分别统计了各组体尺指标的平均值和标准差；再与已报道的相关文献中相同年龄牦牛测定的数据进行比较。[结果]①自2012年以来，青海高原牦牛(2岁公)在体高、胸围和体重方面均有所增加；②柴达木福牛(3月龄)在体高、体斜长、胸围和体重方面均优于高原牦牛；③柴达木黄牛(2岁母和成年母)虽然在体高和胸围方面与高原牦牛相近，但在体重方面显著优于高原牦牛；④犏牛(1岁母)在体高和胸围方面均优于高原牦牛(体重未参与比较)。[结论]杂交改良能够显著提高生长发育和体重，但一定要控制规范性杂交方式和力度以保证不丢失品种固有的特点。建议在今后高原牦牛的遗传改良中将常规育种与分子育种相结合，加快品种选育的步伐，提高牦牛、犏牛的生产效益，促进中国牦牛产业的发展。“,”Objective]Compared the body measurements of Qinghai’s yak,cattle-yak and cattle,we put forward the recommendations of yak’s improvement breeding.[Method]Body measurements of 326 in-dividuals from Haixi,Qinghai province were determined.Compared the body measurements that we were determined which classified according to breed and age with the statistics that we found in literatures.[Re-sult]①Since 2012,the Plateau Yak has increased in Body Height,Chest Circumference and Body Weight;②The Chai-da-mu three-hybrid-cattle has bettle Body Height,Body Length,Chest Circumference and Body Weight than the Plateau Yak in the same age;③ The Chai-da-mu cattle has significantly better Body Weight than the Plateau yak in the same age;④The Cattle-Yak has bettle Body Height and Chest Circum-ference than the Plateau Yak.[Conclusion]Crossing improvement can significantly improve the production of the grade beef.But the hybridization should be controlled to keep the inherent characteristics of yak. We suggested that the molecular breeding methods could be used in the future breeding,to accelerate the pace of the breeding,Improve production efficiency of yak and cattle-yak and contribute to the development of Chinese yak industry.