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稀土元素对焊接材料有画龙点睛的作用。通过添加稀土元素,熔敷金属的力学性能得到显著提高。传统确定含稀土元素焊接工艺参数的方法要进行大量试验,极大的增加生产成本。而焊接的数值模拟是低成本且安全可靠的确定工艺参数的方法。通过分析含稀土元素的对接接头试验、焊接热源、焊接工艺参数、焊接构件的残余应力和变形的数值模拟的现状,结果表明,寻找并建立符合实际的添加稀土元素的焊接接头显微组织模型及热源模型是模拟成功的关键。今后焊接数值模拟的重点是研究含稀土元素的多层多道焊接数值模拟,以及进行焊接原材料成分、焊接工艺与熔敷金属性能耦合关系的研究。
Rare earth elements have a finishing touch on welding materials. By adding rare earth elements, the mechanical properties of the deposited metal are significantly improved. The traditional method of determining welding parameters with rare earth elements to be a large number of tests, which greatly increased production costs. The numerical simulation of welding is a low-cost and safe method of determining process parameters. The results of numerical simulation of rare earth element butt joint, welding heat source, welding process parameters, residual stress and deformation of welded components show that the method of finding and establishing a microstructure model of welded joint with rare earth elements The heat source model is the key to successful simulation. In the future, the numerical simulation of welding is focused on the numerical simulation of multi-layer multi-pass welding with rare earth elements, as well as the research on the coupling relationship between welding raw material composition, welding process and deposited metal properties.