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稻田生态系统是农业生态系统的重要组成部分之一,为了实现其可持续经营,保障粮食安全,笔者以湖南省稻田生态系统为例,详细阐述了稻田生态系统具有粮食生产、蓄水防洪、涵养水源、调节气温、净化水质、水土保持、保护生物多样性等生态服务功能;简要说明了稻田生态系统存在如大量使用的农药化肥、排放温室气体和消耗水资源等副作用;提出了稻田生态系统多功能价值的评估方式以及评估体系中存在的问题。
In order to realize its sustainable management and ensure food security, the rice field ecosystem is an important part of agricultural ecosystem. Taking rice field ecosystem in Hunan Province as an example, the author elaborated on the characteristics of paddy field ecosystem including grain production, flood control, conservation Water sources, temperature control, water purification, soil and water conservation, biodiversity conservation and other ecological services; briefly described the existence of paddy ecosystems such as the use of pesticides and fertilizers, emissions of greenhouse gases and water resources and other side effects; proposed multi-rice ecosystem The evaluation method of the functional value and the problems in the evaluation system.