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运用摄像、肌电及三维力同步测试了四种不同斜坡超速跑训练,结果表明:斜坡超速跑训练改变了运动员着地腿支撑时间的分配,使缓冲时间明显变短,蹬伸距离明显增长,缓冲时间/后蹬时间及支撑时间/腾空时间两个比值更趋向合理;摆动腿摆幅更大,离地时髋角较小,大腿剪绞速度显著提高,因而有利于人体质心提速;斜坡跑摆动腿膝关节速度、着地腿“扒地”速度均显著高于平道跑,这使运动员着地时拥有更小的支撑膝角与髋角,从而有利于SSC功能的发挥;斜坡跑引起支撑腿刚度显著改变,而刚度的变化可能是由于运动员力平台腿着地方式的改变所致,从而影响到支撑腿压力中心移动的幅度和速度;斜坡坡角大小对超速训练效果影响较大,2°、3°斜坡既能增大运动员的跑速,又不影响运动员跑的动作技术结构,因而被确定为本次实验对象的最佳坡角。
The results showed that the training of slope over speeding changed the allocation of supporting time of the leg to the ground, which significantly shortened the buffering time and increased the distance of kicking and stretching significantly, and the buffer The time / pedal pedaling time and support time / vacancy time tend to be more reasonable. The swing leg swing is larger, the angle of the hip is smaller and the thigh shear speed is significantly increased. Swing leg knee speed, ground legs “grilled ground ” speed were significantly higher than the flat road, which allows athletes to land with a smaller knee and hip angle support, which is conducive to SSC function play; Leg stiffness changes significantly, and the change of stiffness may be due to the change of the way the leg of the athlete forces the ground, thus affecting the amplitude and speed of the pressure center movement of the support leg. The slope angle of the slope has a great effect on the speeding training effect, , 3 ° slope can not only increase the running speed of the athlete but also not affect the technical structure of the athlete’s running action. Therefore, it is determined as the optimal slope angle of this experimental subject.