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以察南灌区土壤为研究对象,对不同含盐量土壤进行盐化程度分级,并对该地区土壤盐分特征进行相关分析和主成分分析,以及对土壤盐分因子区域影响因素进行探讨。结果表明:察南灌区以碱性土壤为主,HCO_3~–是影响该灌区土壤p H最强的因子;对灌区0~100 cm土体土壤的分析表明,灌区盐化土面积约为总灌溉面积的1/4,盐渍化风险较大;相关性分析显示,HCO–3、Cl~–、SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2~+)、Mg~(2~+)、Na~+、K~+为盐分主要组成离子,总盐分与各离子之间均呈正相关关系,与总盐分相关性最强的阴离子为SO_4~(2-),相关性最强的阳离子为Mg~(2~+);主成分分析显示,HCO_3~–、Cl~–、K~+为影响该灌区土壤盐分特征的主导因子;通过盐分因子区域影响因素定性分析可知,除HCO_3~–和pH是由河流以及地下水综合作用影响外,其他盐分因子均主要受河流影响。
Taking the soil in Chanan Irrigation District as the research object, the degree of salinization of different saline soil was graded. The correlation analysis and principal component analysis of soil salinity characteristics in this area were carried out, and the influencing factors of soil salinity factor were discussed. The results showed that: Alkaline soil was dominant in Chanan Irrigation District, and HCO_3 ~ - was the most influential factor of soil p H in the irrigated area. Analysis of 0 ~ 100 cm soil showed that the area of saline soil in irrigated area was about The correlation analysis showed that the content of HCO-3, Cl ~ -, SO_4 ~ (2 -), Ca ~ (2+), Mg ~ (2+), Na ~ +, K ~ + is the main component of salt, and the total salt has a positive correlation with each ion. The anion with the strongest correlation with total salt is SO_4 ~ (2-), the most relevant cation is Mg ~ (2 ~ +). Principal component analysis showed that HCO_3 ~ -, Cl ~ -, K ~ + were the dominant factors affecting the soil salinity characteristics of the irrigated area. Qualitative analysis of the influencing factors of salt factor showed that except HCO_3 ~ - and pH Due to the combination of rivers and groundwater, other salt factors are mainly affected by rivers.