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胃癌是严重威胁人类健康的恶性肿瘤之一,其死亡率居各恶性肿瘤的第二位。提高胃癌的总体疗效很大程度上取决于早发现、早诊断、早治疗及治疗后的复发监测,因此寻找灵敏度和特异度都很好的肿瘤标志物对胃癌的早期诊断有重大意义。肿瘤标志物是指肿瘤细胞的癌基因或抑癌基因和其他肿瘤相关基因及其产物异常表达所产生的抗原和生物活性物质,其在正常组织中含量甚微,但可在肿瘤病人的体液和排泄物中检出。现结合国内外近年的文献报道,对几种标志物的应用及局限性作一综述。
Gastric cancer is one of the most serious malignant tumors that threaten human health. Its mortality rate ranks the second among all malignant tumors. To improve the overall efficacy of gastric cancer largely depends on early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment and recurrence monitoring after treatment, so looking for the sensitivity and specificity of the tumor markers are good for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer is of great significance. Tumor markers refer to antigens and bioactive substances produced by the abnormal expression of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes of tumor cells and other tumor-related genes and their products, which have little content in normal tissues but can be expressed in body fluids of tumor patients and Excretion detected. Now with the domestic and foreign literature reports in recent years, the application of several markers and limitations are reviewed.