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目的:分析通州区2009年流感病原学监测结果,了解流感病毒优势株的亚型变化和流感的流行趋势。方法:采集流感样病例咽拭子样品,用RT-PCR法进行核酸检测和型别鉴定,同时做病毒分离和血凝实验(HA)。结果:2009年1月份,核酸阳性检出率是57.34%(82/143),分离出病毒37株,其中36株为季节性甲1(H1N1)亚型,1株为甲3(H3N2)亚型;6、7月份抽样做分型鉴定均为甲3亚型;8月份出现新甲型H1N1毒株,8月份～12月份,其核酸阳性占甲型阳性的百分比分别是2.74%、27.08%、57.41%、94.29%和94.12%。结论:2009年通州区流感病毒流行的优势株年初为季节性甲1亚型,6月份～7月份为甲3亚型;8月份开始新甲型H1N1逐步取代其他亚型,10月份以后成为优势株;同时,流感流行的高峰月从与北京以往相似的12月份～1月份提前到10月份～11月份。
Objective: To analyze the results of influenza etiology monitoring in Tongzhou District in 2009 to understand the subtypes of influenza virus dominant strains and the epidemic trend of influenza. Methods: Throat samples of influenza-like cases were collected, and the nucleic acid detection and type identification were performed by RT-PCR. At the same time, virus isolation and hemagglutination test (HA) were performed. Results: The positive rate of nucleic acid was 57.34% (82/143) in January 2009, and 37 isolates were isolated, of which 36 were seasonal H1N1 subtype and 1 was H3N2 subtype Type; June and July samples were type A 3 subtype identification; in August there was a new type A H1N1 strain, August to December, the positive percentage of positive nucleic acid accounted for A positive were 2.74%, 27.08% , 57.41%, 94.29% and 94.12% respectively. Conclusion: The dominant strain of influenza virus in Tongzhou District in 2009 was seasonal T1 subtype at the beginning of the year and T3 subtype in June-July. In August, the new H1N1 was gradually replaced by other subtypes, becoming dominant after October At the same time, the peak month of influenza pandemic advanced from December to January, similar to Beijing in the past, to October-November.