“一带一路”倡议是我国对外开放和经济合作的总纲领,与京津冀协同发展、长江经济带建设一同列为国家三大战略。农业交流和农产品贸易自古以来就是丝绸之路的主要合作内容,新时期,开展农业合作仍然是沿线国家的共同强烈诉求,是建设利益共同体和命运共同体的最佳结合点之一。本文从“一带一路”的内涵理解入手,分析农业合作在“一带一路”建设中的必要性和重要意义,梳理“一带一路”区域农业合作的成效与问题,提出深化农业 The “Belt and Road Initiative” is the general program of China’s opening up and economic cooperation. It has coordinated development with Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Province and the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt as one of the three major national strategies. Since ancient times, the agricultural exchanges and trade in agricultural products have been the main cooperation contents of the Silk Road. In the new period, carrying out agricultural cooperation is still the common aspiration of the countries along the line and one of the best points for building a community of interests and a community of destiny. This article begins with the understanding of the connotation of “One Belt and One Road”, analyzes the necessity and significance of agricultural cooperation in the construction of “One Belt and One Road”, combs the achievements and problems in the “One Belt and Road” regional agricultural cooperation,