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目的探讨引起阿尔茨海默病患者主要照料者心理压力包括负担、焦虑及抑郁的影响因素。方法采用神经精神科问卷、简易精神状态量表、蒙特利尔认知评估量表、画钟测验、Zarit护理者负担量表、广泛性焦虑障碍-7量表及患者健康问卷抑郁量表对天津市环湖医院痴呆门诊的200例AD患者及他们的主要照料者进行调查、评估。结果照料者负担(11.52±13.02)与NPI(P<0.01)、护理患者年限(P<0.01)存在高度相关性;照料者焦虑(2.15±3.56)与NPI(P<0.01)、护理患者年限(P<0.01)存在显著相关性;照料者抑郁(3.52±3.37)与NPI(P<0.01)、增加照料者人数(P<0.05)存在相关性。结论 AD主要照料者大部分存在负担、焦虑及抑郁情况及风险,通过了解这些心理状态的影响因素,能够帮助医护人员快速、有效的发现和治疗照料者的心理健康问题。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of psychological stress, including burden, anxiety and depression in primary caregivers of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods The neuropsychiatric questionnaire, simple mental status scale, Montreal cognitive assessment scale, draw bell test, Zarit caregiver burden scale, generalized anxiety disorder-7 scale and patient health questionnaire depression scale were used to evaluate the Tianjin ring 200 AD patients at Lake Hospital dementia clinic and their primary caregivers were surveyed and assessed. Results The burden of caregivers (11.52 ± 13.02) and NPI (P <0.01) were significantly correlated with those of nursing care patients (P <0.01). Caregiver anxiety was 2.15 ± 3.56 and NPI (P <0.01) P <0.01). There was a correlation between depression (3.52 ± 3.37) and NPI (P <0.01) and number of caregivers (P <0.05). Conclusion Most AD caregivers have the burden, anxiety, depression and risk. By understanding the influencing factors of these mental states, it can help medical staff find and treat the caregivers’ mental health problems quickly and effectively.