目的通过训练大鼠急进高原模型从性激素水平和卵泡结构改变研究训练对生殖的损伤及防护。方法在1520m环境设实验组(EG)使用中药抗疲Ⅰ号加入常规饲料中喂养,对照组(CG)常规饲料喂养,各40只游泳训练4周后,各选35只3h急进3850m,从中各选10只作为静息对照,各25只游泳至力竭后,从中各选20只1h、24h采集标本,各剩余5只返回1520m与非训练雄性种鼠交配,观察3～4月产仔情况。结果EG高原游泳时间显著长于CG,EG性激素水平、卵巢组织学结构、生育能力等均显著优于CG。结论进行竞技体育运动集训或强体力劳动,特别是改变运动集训环境或进入高海拔地区作业训练更要注重加强劳动和训练防护。 Objective To study the effect of training on reproductive injury and protection by training rats to enter the plateau model from sexual hormone levels and follicular structure changes. Methods The experimental group (EG) was used in the 1520m environment to use traditional Chinese medicine anti-Fatigue I to feed conventional diets, and in the control group (CG) to feed routine diets. After each 40 swimming training for 4 weeks, 35 animals were selected for 3h to enter 3850m each time. Ten animals were selected as resting controls. Twenty-five of them were swimming until they were exhausted. Twenty specimens were collected from each of them at 1h and 24h, and the remaining 5 were returned to 1520m to be mated with non-trained males. The litter size was observed from March to April. . Results EG plateau swimming time was significantly longer than CG, EG sex hormone levels, ovarian histological structure, fertility were significantly better than CG. Conclusion It is necessary to pay attention to strengthening the protection of labor and training when carrying out competitive sports training or strong physical labor, especially changing the sports training environment or entering high altitude areas.