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中国历史上在秦汉以前,森林资源的保护和利用处理得较好,有理论,有措施.汉以后对森林资源的保护即失控,甚至“罢山林之禁,与民共之”.农田开发是森林破坏的主要因素.唐宋以后,梯田遍及长江流域以南山区.明末清初甘薯、玉米引入中国后,更在边远山区掀起毁林垦荒高潮.毁林现象迄今未能制止.故必倾把人口、森林、农田、环境和生态纳入一个宏观的用养结合规划,建立新的“林-农”系统,才能扭转这一趋势.
Before the Qin and Han dynasties in China’s history, the protection and utilization of forest resources had been better handled, with theories and measures. After the Han Dynasty, the protection of forest resources became out of control and even “banning the use of forests and sharing with the people.” Farmland development was After the Tang and Song Dynasties, the terraces spread over the southern mountainous area of the Yangtze River valley.When sweet potato and corn were introduced into China in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, a climax of deforestation and reclamation was set off in remote mountainous areas, so the phenomenon of deforestation has so far failed to stop. In order to reverse this trend, we should integrate population, forests, farmland, environment and ecology into a macro-planning system and establish a new “forest-agriculture” system.