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连续波跟踪测量系统中，测距元通道通常存在较大的系统误差，并且有时出现个别测元数据质量较差，不能应用的情况，而其变化率及其多站测速系统提供的测速数据，精度较高，且测元多，是否可以利用测速元数据直接定轨，精度如何，在实际数据处理及应用中具有重要意义。文章对利用测速元进行航天飞行器定轨进行了详细的研究和大量的计算，获得了相应的理论和计算结果，通过比较，提出了利用样条函数非线性估计轨道的方法，并提供了具体的算法和相应的误差估计公式。理论分析和计算结果表明：该方法轨道估计精度高，成功地解决了测速定轨问题，在实际中有广泛的应用价值。
In continuous wave tracking and measuring system, ranging element channels often have large systematic errors, and sometimes the quality of individual measurement element data is poor and can not be applied. However, the rate of change and the speed measurement data provided by the multi-station speed measurement system, High accuracy, and the number of measured elements, whether the speed can be used to directly orbit determination, how the accuracy of the actual data processing and application of great significance. In this paper, a detailed study and a large number of calculations of spacecraft orbit determination using a spacecraft are given. Corresponding theoretical and computational results are obtained. A method of nonlinear orbit estimation using spline functions is proposed and a specific Algorithm and the corresponding error estimation formula. Theoretical analysis and calculation results show that this method has high accuracy of orbit estimation and successfully solved the problem of orbit determination, which has wide application value in practice.