凯文·林奇将城市意象中物质形态研究的内容归纳为五种元素——道路、边界、区域、节点和标志物。这里仅从建筑物和构筑物的角度谈谈位于城市中的标志物。地标可分为两类。一类是从受限制的位置才可见的纯粹局部地标,起到引导方向的作用;另一类地标具有全城范围的相关性:它是一 Kevin Lynch summarizes the content of the study of the physical forms of urban imagery into five elements - roads, borders, regions, nodes, and markers. Here only from the perspective of buildings and structures talk about the city in the landmark. Landmarks can be divided into two categories. One is purely local landmarks that are visible from restricted locations and serve as a guide; the other has landmark-wide relevance: it is a