急性肺损伤/呼吸窘迫综合征是胸科手术后患者严重的并发症,对患者手术预后有不可低估的影响;在单肺通气过程中,肺组织的萎陷/复张、缺血再灌注损伤和低氧血症均可导致并加重肺损伤。为减少胸科患者术后肺损伤的发病率,了解手术和单肺机械通气过程中肺损伤的病因十分重要。 Acute lung injury / respiratory distress syndrome is a serious complication of patients after thoracic surgery, and can not underestimate the prognosis of patients. In the process of single lung ventilation, the collapse / reperfusion of lung tissue, ischemia-reperfusion injury And hypoxemia can cause and aggravate lung injury. To reduce the incidence of postoperative lung injury in thoracic patients, it is important to understand the etiology of lung injury during surgical and one-lung mechanical ventilation.