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19世纪末,为了协调在社会转型期经济生活中出现的矛盾,美国各州和联邦政府开始了有限度的经济立法。由于深受自由放任经济思想和社会达尔文主义的影响,联邦最高法院在这一时期的判例中从州和联邦两个层面限制政府管理经济的行为。重点集中在对州铁路运费法规、联邦反托拉斯法、州际商务法和联邦所得税法的解释。
At the end of the 19th century, in order to coordinate the contradictions that emerged in the economic transition in the social transition, the states and the federal governments in the United States started limited economic legislation. Due to the deeply laissez-faire economic thinking and the influence of social Darwinism, the federal Supreme Court restricted the administration of the economy at both state and federal levels in its jurisprudence of this period. The focus is on the interpretation of state rail freight regulations, federal antitrust laws, interstate commerce laws and federal income tax laws.