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连作障碍导致人参减产减收,影响人参产业的可持续发展。土壤真菌群落参与关键生态过程,其多样性及组成的变化与连作障碍相关。该研究采用高通量测序技术,分析人参根际土壤真菌群落多样性及组成的变化,阐述人参栽培模式对根际微生态的影响,为克服连作障碍提供策略。与森林土壤相比,人参根际土壤微生物多样性增加,且随着种植年限的增加,多样性增加趋势下降;真菌群落Sordariomycetes,Alatospora,Eurotiomycetes,Leotiomycetes,Saccharomycetes,Mucorales,Pezizomycetes的丰度增加。皮尔森相关分析表明,土壤理化指标影响人参根际真菌群落的丰度,pH与Dothideomycetes和Alatospora的丰度显著相关,有效钾含量与Dothideomycetes,Alatospora,Mucorales的丰度显著相关,土壤总氮含量与Sordariomycetes,Mucorales的丰度显著相关。结果表明,施肥是影响人参根际微生态的关键因素之一,优化施肥体系是克服人参连作障碍的有效途径之一。
Barriers to continuous cropping lead to reduced production of ginseng, affecting the sustainable development of ginseng industry. Soil fungal communities are involved in key ecological processes and their diversity and compositional changes are associated with continuous cropping problems. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the diversity and composition of fungal communities in rhizosphere soil of ginseng. The effects of ginseng cultivation modes on rhizosphere micro-ecology were analyzed to provide strategies for overcoming obstacles to cropping succession. Compared with the forest soil, the diversity of rhizosphere soil microbial diversity increased, and with the increase of planting years, the increasing trend of diversity decreased. The abundance of fungi community Sordariomycetes, Alatospora, Eurotiomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Saccharomycetes, Mucorales and Pezizomycetes increased. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil physical and chemical indicators affected the rhizosphere fungal community abundance, pH and Dothideomycetes and Alatospora abundance was significantly correlated with available potassium content and Dothideomycetes, Alatospora, Mucorales abundance significantly correlated with soil total nitrogen content and The abundance of Sordariomycetes and Mucorales is significantly correlated. The results showed that fertilization was one of the key factors affecting the rhizosphere micro-ecology of ginseng. Optimizing fertilization system was one of the effective ways to overcome the obstacle of ginseng.