本文介绍了一种新型的、高度低的、电阻应变式的称重和测力传感器——轮辐式传感器(切应力传感器)。它的突出特点是高度低、精度高、线性好、抗偏心载荷及侧向力能力强等。并提出了传感器的设计计算公式。目前,电阻应变式传感器已被广泛地用于称重(电子秤)和测力系统中。但是,绝大部分电阻应变式传感器的弹性元件的几何形状均采用园柱形、方柱形、园环形以及桥形等等。对于这些形状的弹性元件而言。其基本原理都是测量其正应力,即测量其在拉伸、压缩和弯曲过程中产生的拉伸和压缩应力。更确切地说,就是测量由于拉伸和压缩应力引起的拉伸和压缩应变。诚然,以测量正应力为基础的上述结构形式的称重和测力传感器具有许多优点,也可以获得高的测量精度。但是,为使这类弹性元件受力时变形均匀,不受端面接触条件的影响,并具有较高的抗偏心载荷能力。在设计上,根据圣文南原理,要求弹性元件的高度与直径的比值比较大(如圆柱体弹性元件要求H/D≥2～2.5),再加上传感器的外壳与球面垫等,使整个传感器的高度相当高。然而,在实际应用中,由于安装传感器的空间尺寸有限,往往不能有这样的高度,故限制了这类传感器的应用,因此需要探索一种高度低的传感器。近年来,国内外正在研制一种新型的、高度低的、电阻应变式的称重和测力传感器。由于它的形状很象一个带有辐条的车轮,故我们称之为轮辐式传感器。因其基本原理是测量切应力,故也称做为切应力传感器。又由于它的高度很低,所以,国外也叫做低外形传感器(loW profile load cell)。这种传感器的突出优点是,高度低,精度高、线性度好、抗偏心载荷及侧向力能力强等一系列优点。它既可用于测量压力,也可用于测量拉力,因此特别适用于称重和测力之用。近几年来,我们对轮辐式传感器在轧机测定中的应用进行了一些初步试验研究。通过试验,提出了传感器的计算公式。试验证明,用此公式计算的传感器基本满足要求,工作性能良好,有进一步研究和推广使用的价值。现仅就我们的一些试验工作,对轮辐式传感器的一些问题初步总结如下。 This article describes a new type of low-level, strain-gauge, strain and load cell - the spoke sensor (shear stress sensor). Its salient features are low height, high precision, good linearity, anti-eccentric load and lateral force ability and so on. And put forward the sensor design calculation formula. At present, the strain gauge sensor has been widely used in weighing (electronic scales) and force measuring system. However, most of the elastic strain sensor strain sensor geometry used cylindrical, square cylindrical, circular and bridge shape and so on. For these shapes of elastic elements. The basic principle is to measure the normal stress, that is, measure its tensile and compressive and bending stress generated during the tensile. More precisely, the tensile and compressive strains due to tensile and compressive stresses are measured. It goes without saying that weighing and load cell sensors of the above-mentioned construction based on the measurement of normal stresses have many advantages and high measurement accuracies are also possible. However, in order to make this type of elastic element under uniform deformation, it is not affected by the contact conditions of the end surface and has high anti-eccentric load capacity. In the design, according to Saint-Venant principle, the ratio of the height and diameter of the elastic element is required to be relatively large (for example, the cylindrical elastic element requires H / D≥2 to 2.5), together with the shell of the sensor and the spherical pad, The height of the sensor is quite high. However, in practice, due to the limited size of the installation of the sensor space, often can not have such a high degree, thus limiting the application of such sensors, it is necessary to explore a low-profile sensor. In recent years, at home and abroad are developing a new type of high, low resistance strain gauge weighing and load cell. Because of its shape is like a wheel with spokes, so we call the spoke sensor. Because of its basic principle is to measure the shear stress, it is also called shear stress sensor. And because of its low height, so abroad is also called the low profile sensor (loW profile load cell). Outstanding advantages of this sensor is low height, high precision, good linearity, anti-eccentric load and lateral force ability and a series of advantages. It can be used both for measuring pressure and for measuring tension, making it especially suitable for weighing and force measurement. In recent years, we conducted some preliminary experimental studies on the application of the spoke sensors in the rolling mill. Through experiments, the formula of the sensor is proposed. Experiments show that the sensor calculated using this formula basically meet the requirements, good performance, there is further research and promote the use of value. Only some of our experimental work, the initial summary of some of the problems spoke sensors are as follows.