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目的了解西部民族地区乡村医生的基本情况和培训现状,为该类地区制定可行的乡村医生培训模式提供依据。方法运用问卷调查和定性访谈法调查宁夏固原县、云南镇雄县、四川康定县的106个村卫生室的99名村医的培训现状。结果西部民族地区村医队伍存在年龄偏大、学历偏低等共性问题。现有培训的整体深度和广度不够,效果参差不齐。培训的主题、形式较为适宜,但培训的力度与被培训人员的需求差距甚远。培训经费来源都以上级培训单位为主,但地区之间存在较大差异,仍然是乡村医生培训的瓶颈所在。结论对学历低且从医资历浅者进行定期分批就近轮训或继续教育;培训要按从医经历、学历年龄和民族分层进行;建立覆盖该类所有地区的定期培训机制;应更加注重培养和培训本地、本民族人员成为村医;提高村医待遇,明确村医身份。
Objective To understand the basic situation and training status of rural doctors in western minority areas and provide the basis for formulating feasible rural doctor training patterns in these areas. Methods The survey of 99 village doctors in 106 village clinics in Guyuan county of Ningxia, Zhenxiong county of Yunnan province and Kangding county of Sichuan province was conducted by questionnaire and qualitative interview. Results The village medical teams in the western ethnic areas had common problems such as older age, lower education level and so on. The overall depth and breadth of the existing training is not enough, the effect is uneven. The theme of training is more appropriate, but the difference between the training and the needs of trainees is far behind. The sources of training funding are all higher-level training units, but there are big differences between regions, which still remains the bottleneck of rural doctors’ training. Conclusions For those with low education level and those with junior medical qualifications, regular rotation or continuing education is carried out in batches on a regular basis. The training should be based on medical experience, academic age and ethnic stratification. The establishment of a regular training mechanism covering all regions of such a society should be more focused on training And train local people to become village doctors; to improve the treatment of village doctors and clarify the identity of village doctors.