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一、前言金属在其周围环境的作用下引起的破坏,称之为金属腐蚀。金属的腐蚀给人类带来巨大的损失,仅就钢铁为例,每年全世界生产的钢铁设备,有百分之三十左右因腐蚀而报废,其中百分之十成为铁锈。除了直接损失外,因腐蚀引起设备的维修更新,造成停产、产品报废和环境污染,甚至灾难性事故等间接损失更是惊人。据国外统计,由于金属的腐蚀而带来的损失占各国国民经济总产值的3～4%左右。由于金属腐蚀是一个十分严重的现实问题,也是各种天灾人祸中遥居首位的问题,因此腐蚀科学已迅速发展成为一门边缘性的新兴学科。腐蚀科学的任务就是控制腐蚀对
I. INTRODUCTION The destruction of metal caused by the action of its surroundings is called metal corrosion. Corrosion of metals has brought huge losses to human beings. Only in the case of steel, about 30% of the world’s steel equipment is scrapped due to corrosion, of which 10% is rust. In addition to direct loss, the maintenance of equipment due to corrosion caused renewal, resulting in discontinued, product scrap and environmental pollution, and even catastrophic accidents and other indirect losses even more alarming. According to statistics from abroad, the losses due to the corrosion of metals account for about 3 to 4% of the total national economic output of various countries. As metal corrosion is a very serious problem, but also a variety of man-made natural disasters in the first place, so corrosion science has rapidly developed into a new emerging disciplines. Corrosion of science is the task of controlling corrosion