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母语为中文的译员在中译英时,常常会出现比英译中时更多的错误。本研究按照译者翻译经验选取三种不同程度的译者为研究对象,由文本分析入手,采用语料库研究方法,分析192篇由研究对象所翻译的各种主题的论文。笔者提取译文中与译者英语写作能力相关的18个语言学特征,对其进行因子分析并对各层次译者译文中的这些语言学特征进行量化分析和比较,以期能够帮助以中文为母语的译者提高译文的可读性及品质。研究结果显示,译入第二语(在本研究中为中译英)时译者的翻译水平可以用一个有意义的区别函数加以评价。这为中译英翻译研究摆脱传统的按照错误打分或使用繁复的评分标准来评价译文的做法提供了一个新的解决方案。另外,本研究的结果为低水平译者揭示了要提升中译英译文品质需要特别注意的具体的语言特征。
When Chinese-speaking interpreters are Chinese-speaking translators, they often have more errors than English-Chinese translators. Based on the translator’s translation experience, this study selected three translators of different levels as the research object. Starting from text analysis, this study used corpus research methods to analyze 192 thesis papers translated by various subjects. The author extracts 18 linguistic features related to the translator’s English writing ability in his/her translations, performs factor analysis, and quantifies and compares these linguistic features in the translator’s translations at all levels in order to help the Chinese-speaking mother tongue. Translators improve the readability and quality of translations. The results of the study show that when translating the second language (in this study, Chinese to English), the translator’s level of translation can be evaluated by a meaningful difference function. This provides a new solution for the translation studies of Chinese to English translations from the traditional way of rating mistakes or using complex scoring criteria to evaluate translations. In addition, the result of this study is that low-level translators reveal specific linguistic features that require special attention to improve the translation quality of Chinese-English translation.