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液晶是一种原子以与固体晶体相类似的规则结构排列的液体,尽管这种物质仍保持其液体状态。液晶具有许多特殊的光学特性。当把它们以薄膜的形式放置在两个导电玻璃板之间并施加一个特定的阈值电压时,某些向列型液晶(具有纤维状的这些液晶)便能形成一些所谓的具有不同光学特性的区域。西德慕尼黑 Siemens 公司的 W·Greubel 和U·Wolff 曾发现:在某些物质中,这样宽的区域是与所施加的电压成反比的。
Liquid crystal is a liquid in which atoms are arranged in a regular structure similar to that of a solid crystal, although the substance remains in its liquid state. Liquid crystal has many special optical properties. When placed in the form of a thin film between two conductive glass plates and applying a specific threshold voltage, some of the nematic liquid crystals (those having a fibrous shape) are capable of forming so-called " area. W. Greubel and U. Wolff of West Siemens, West Germany, have found that in some materials such wide areas are inversely proportional to the applied voltage.