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目的评价太原市交通警察和疾病预防控制中心(CDC)人员工作环境PM2.5暴露水平,探讨工作环境PM2.5暴露与人群肺功能的关系。方法选用外勤交通警察(暴露组)、CDC人员(对照组)为研究对象,应用环境检测和时间-活动日记相结合的方法连续采样1周,计算研究对象工作时间内PM2.5暴露剂量和潜在暴露剂量。同时对研究对象进行问卷调查,于环境PM2.5检测1周结束后检测肺功能。结果交通警察工作交通路口的PM2.5浓度([0.132±0.049)mg/m3]高于CDC办公室内PM2.5浓度([0.100±0.044)mg/m3],交通警察8 h工作时间内的暴露剂量、潜在暴露剂量分别为(1.060±0.23)mg和(1.690±0.37)mg,均高于CDC人员[均为(0.798±0.19)mg];男性交通警察最大呼气流量(PEF)和第1秒钟用力呼气量/用力肺活量(FEV1.0/FVC)分别为(4.70±0.28)L/s和0.82±0.03,低于男性CDC人员[PEF和FEV1.0/FVC分别为(6.53±0.41)L/s和0.92±0.02];上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论交通警察的PM2.5暴露剂量和潜在暴露剂量均高于CDC人员,男性交通警察的肺功能下降可能与长期暴露于机动车尾气有关。
Objective To evaluate the PM2.5 exposure level in Taiyuan Traffic Police and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and to explore the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and lung function in the population. Methods The field traffic police (exposed group) and CDC staff (control group) were selected as the research object. The environmental exposure and time-activity diary were used to continuously sample for one week. The dose and potential of PM2.5 exposure during working hours were calculated Exposure dose. At the same time, the subjects were investigated by questionnaire, and lung function was tested after the end of one week of environmental PM2.5 test. Results The concentration of PM2.5 ([0.132 ± 0.049) mg / m3] at traffic intersections was higher than that of PM2.5 in CDC offices [[0.100 ± 0.044] mg / m3] (1.060 ± 0.23) mg and (1.690 ± 0.37) mg, respectively, were higher than those in CDC [all (0.798 ± 0.19) mg]; the peak traffic volume of male traffic police (PEF) The FEV1.0 / FVC was (4.70 ± 0.28) L / s and 0.82 ± 0.03, respectively, lower than male CDC subjects [PEF and FEV1.0 / FVC were (6.53 ± 0.41 ) L / s and 0.92 ± 0.02]. The above differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The traffic police officers’ PM2.5 exposure dose and potential exposure dose are higher than that of CDC personnel. The decline of lung function of male traffic police may be related to long-term exposure to motor vehicle exhaust.