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调节性T细胞(Treg)是一类增殖能力较低,发挥多种免疫抑制功能的T细胞亚群,在维持机体自身的免疫稳态中有着不可忽视的作用,Treg分化或功能异常均能够引发自身免疫性疾病,并与器官移植后的急性免疫排斥反应及肿瘤免疫有关。对Treg生物学特征、数量及功能调控机制的全面了解有助于为临床提供新的治疗思路方法。转录因子Foxp3对于Treg的分化、发育及成熟后的功能维持具有关键性作用。其他多种分子参与Treg的产生、分化及免疫抑制功能。本文总结了Treg的分子标志、分化及作用机制等方面的研究进展。
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a group of T cell subsets that have lower proliferative capacity and exert multiple immunosuppressive functions. Tregs play an important role in maintaining their own immune homeostasis. Tregs can differentiate or function abnormally Autoimmune diseases, and with acute immune rejection after organ transplantation and tumor immunity related. A comprehensive understanding of Treg biological characteristics, quantity and functional regulatory mechanisms can help provide a new therapeutic approach to clinical practice. The transcription factor Foxp3 plays a key role in Treg differentiation, development and maintenance of function after maturation. A variety of other molecules involved in Treg production, differentiation and immunosuppression. This article summarizes the research progress of molecular marker, differentiation and mechanism of Treg.