中耳胆脂瘤形成的基础是中耳腔鳞状上皮的化生及其对骨质的破坏。白细胞介素-1(IL-1)存在于正常及变性的上皮细胞内,作为上皮细胞的自分泌生长因子(autocrine growth factor)刺激上皮细胞增生,促使骨质降解。为探讨IL-1在胆脂瘤发病机理中的作用,用抗IL-1的亚型—IL-1α、IL-1β多克隆抗体,研究其在胆脂瘤、耳道、耳后上皮及扁桃体非角化上皮细胞的分布。免疫组化染色显示,胆脂瘤各细胞层、耳道耳后皮肤上皮均呈阳性反应, The formation of middle ear cholesteatoma is the metaplasia of middle ear cavity squamous epithelium and its destruction of bone. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is present in normal and degenerative epithelial cells and acts as an epithelial cell’s autocrine growth factor to stimulate epithelial cell proliferation and promote bone degradation. To investigate the role of IL-1 in the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma, the anti-IL-1 subtype IL-1α and IL-1β polyclonal antibodies were used to study the role of IL-1 in the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma, Distribution of non-keratinized epithelial cells. Immunohistochemical staining showed that each cell layer of cholesteatoma, auditory canal ear skin epithelial positive reaction,