第一章沿革商人行、帮会、商会是中国工商业者传统的民间组织形式。早在唐代,广东就有商行(帮)会的结合。当时称“行”,宋元一直至明初称“团行”,后来又称“公所”。据康熙广东通志二八卷记载:“明代广东之帮,帮有一总事者,名为‘纲首’,按‘纲首’一名,自宋代已有之,元明俱亦沿用之。”清代行业首领又称“行头”、“行 Chapter 1 History Merchants, gangs, and chambers of commerce are traditional forms of civil society organizations of Chinese industrialists and commerce. As early as the Tang Dynasty, Guangdong had a combination of business and trade associations. At that time, it was called “walking.” The Song and Yuan Dynasty had been called “the mission” until the early Ming Dynasty, and later it was also called “the public office.” According to the report of Kangxi Guangdong Tongzhi 28, “The Gang of Guangdong in the Ming Dynasty helped a person with a total name of ’Guanshou’. According to the “Gongshou” one, since the Song Dynasty, the Yuan and Ming are also used. “In the Qing Dynasty, industry leaders also called ”head“ and ”line